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深入理解 Java 泛型

深入理解 Java 泛型

什么是泛型

Java 泛型(generics)是 JDK 5 中引入的特性

为什么要引入泛型机制呢?

回答这个问题前,先让我们来看一个示例。

public class NoGenericsDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("abc");
        list.add(18);
        list.add(new double[] {1.0, 2.0});
        Object obj1 = list.get(0);
        Object obj2 = list.get(1);
        Object obj3 = list.get(2);
        System.out.println("obj1 = [" + obj1 + "]");
        System.out.println("obj2 = [" + obj2 + "]");
        System.out.println("obj3 = [" + obj3 + "]");

        int num1 = (int)list.get(0);
        int num2 = (int)list.get(1);
        int num3 = (int)list.get(2);
        System.out.println("num1 = [" + num1 + "]");
        System.out.println("num2 = [" + num2 + "]");
        System.out.println("num3 = [" + num3 + "]");
    }
}
// Output:
// obj1 = [abc]
// obj2 = [18]
// obj3 = [[D@47089e5f]
// Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to java.lang.Integer
// at io.github.dunwu.javacore.generics.NoGenericsDemo.main(NoGenericsDemo.java:23)

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